TO CONSIST OF /kənˈsɪst/ (phrasal verb) = to be formed from two or more things or people:
• A CSS rule consists of a selector and a declaration block.
• The state of Hawaii consists of eight main islands.
• The state of an object consists of the values of its instance variables.
• Pattern matching consists of finding a section of text that is described (matched) by a regular expression.
TO MAKE UP SMT. = to combine together to form something [= constitute, compose]
• 7 to 14 troops make up a squad, 3 to 4 squads make up a platoon.
TO BE MADE UP OF = to be formed from
• Java EE applications are made up of components.
• A URL is made up of the domain name followed by the path to that page or image.
• Images appearing on computer screens are made up of tiny squares called pixels, with a resolution of 72 pixels per inch. Images in print materials are made up of tiny circles called dots, usually printed at a resolution of 300 dots per inch.
TO BE COMPOSED OF = to be formed from a number of substances, parts, or people [= consist of]
• Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
• In a RGB color space, a color is composed of three color components: red, green, and blue.
TO COMPRISE /kəmˈpraɪz/ (formal) = to consist of; be composed of:
• An XML Schema is an XML document containing a formal description of what comprises a valid XML document.
• Pop star Beyoncé bought a stake in WTRMLN WTR: a drink which comprises just watermelon and lemon.
• The house comprises two bedrooms, a kitchen and a living room.
• The book comprises a series of war poems.
TO BE COMPRISED OF
• The CyanogenMod community is comprised of unpaid volunteers and enthusiasts from around the world.
• XML Schema list types are comprised of sequences of atomic types.
Monday, December 18, 2017
Tuesday, September 5, 2017
notch vs knot vs knob
NOTCH /nɒtʃ/ (noun) [countable]
1 a level on a scale that measures something, for example quality or achievement
The PWM flicker on dell XPS FHD screen is only present on the very lowest brightness setting, if you increase it up a single notch it goes away.
Our company is searching for top-notch developers
KNOT /nɒt/ (noun) [countable] = a part where one or more pieces of string, rope, cloth etc have been tied or twisted together
Are you any good at tying knots? No, but I can untie them.
KNOB /nɒb/ (noun) [countable] = a round handle or thing that you turn to open a door, turn on a television etc
I turned the knob and the door opened.
I adjusted the volume knob.
1 a level on a scale that measures something, for example quality or achievement
KNOT /nɒt/ (noun) [countable] = a part where one or more pieces of string, rope, cloth etc have been tied or twisted together
KNOB /nɒb/ (noun) [countable] = a round handle or thing that you turn to open a door, turn on a television etc
Thursday, July 13, 2017
English Homophones
| sound | word 1 | word 2 | word 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| /yʊər/ | your | you're | |
| /ðɛər/ | they're | there (adv.) | |
| /kloʊz/ | close (verb) | clothes (noun) | |
| /eɪt/ | ate (verb) | eight (noun) | |
| /hɪər/ | hear (verb) | here (adv) | |
| /dɪər/ | dear (adj.) | deer (noun) | |
| /baɪ/ | buy (verb) | bye (noun) | by (prep.) |
| /ˈflaʊ ər/ | flour (noun) | flower (noun) | |
| /aʊər/ | hour (noun) | our (adj.) |
Tuesday, May 30, 2017
Collocations with take
- to take place = to happen, especially after being planned or arranged - Real learning takes place through experience
- to take action = to start doing something
- to take an exam = when students take an exam, test, or quiz, they are tested to demonstrate knowledge
- take responsibility for (doing) something
- to take for granted = to expect something to be available all the time and forget that you are lucky to have it - I had taken the power and flexibility of Perl regular expressions for granted until I entered a world without them with Pascal.
- to take an approach to/in smt = to select the direction from where you want to start solving a problem - Take a scientific approach to Your Teaching
- take sth into account = to consider or remember something when judging a situation - When consumers need a service, price is not the only consideration to be taken into account.
- All learning takes place through the use of English which makes English language a core subject
- I wish you didn't take me for granted.
- This paper takes a different approach in that it uses the tools of network analysis and graph theory to represent the characteristics of world trade.
Friday, September 23, 2016
vocabulary about rules
TO OBEY = to do what someone in authority tells you to do, or what a law or rule says you must do
• “I find myself unable to continue helping a project that won’t obey its own community rules” [Jonathan Riddell]
• A database state that obeys the constraints defined in the integrity constraint IC set, is called a valid state
TO CONFORM TO / WITH [intransitive] [= to obey]
2 to obey a law, rule etc
• Phone is brand new, never used. Will have to open to insert the battery before shipping to conform with postage rules
• Software developers write HTML document that conforms to HTML specification by W3C.
TO ENFORCE /ɪnˈfɔːs/ [transitive] to make people obey a rule or law
• Governments make laws and the police enforce them.
• Digital Rights Management (DRM) is technology that enables online video and audio services to enforce that the content they provide is used in accordance with their requirements.
• XML document type definitions (DTD) can enforce basic structural rules on XML documents, XML schemas can enforce much more specific rules about the contents of elements and attributes than DTDs can.
TO COME INTO FORCE / BRING SOMETHING INTO FORCE = if a new law, rule, change etc comes or is brought into force, it starts to exist.
• Packs of 10 cigarettes will no longer be available for sale as part of EU rules that come into force from today.
TO VIOLATE /ˈvaɪəleɪt/ [transitive] = to disobey or do something against an official agreement, law, principle etc [= to break a law]
• WordPress’ code is open source, but it is published under the GNU Public License (GPL). Wix’s mobile app reused WordPress’ text editor but the Wix application is closed and proprietary. That violates both the spirit and the letter of the GNU Public License, which requires anything built with GPL-licensed code to be distributed with the same GPL license.
• SQL statements can violate an integrity constraint when they try to insert or update tuples.
TO INFRINGE /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ/ = [transitive] to do something that is against a law or someone’s legal rights [= to violate, to breach]
• I have received a threatening letter from the attorney of Mozilla Foundation saying that using the 'Mozilla' word inside the name of my software infringes their trademark rights.
TO RESPECT /rɪˈspɛkt/ (formal) = to not break a rule or law [= to obey]
• To respect this invariant, arrays length property have two special behaviours when setting elements and setting length property.
TO COMPLY WITH [intransitive] (formal) = to do what you have to do or are asked to do [= to obey]
• Please review our new EU user consent policy and ensure that you comply with this policy as soon as possible, and not later than 30th September 2015.
TO ADHERE TO [intransitive] (formal) = to conform to or follow rules exactly
• This article on xyz adheres to the naming conventions set forth at Wikipedia.
• A Maven POM in a project adheres to Maven’s assumed conventions.
• If an XML document adheres to a number of rules it is said well-formed.
• “I find myself unable to continue helping a project that won’t obey its own community rules” [Jonathan Riddell]
• A database state that obeys the constraints defined in the integrity constraint IC set, is called a valid state
TO CONFORM TO / WITH [intransitive] [= to obey]
2 to obey a law, rule etc
• Phone is brand new, never used. Will have to open to insert the battery before shipping to conform with postage rules
• Software developers write HTML document that conforms to HTML specification by W3C.
TO ENFORCE /ɪnˈfɔːs/ [transitive] to make people obey a rule or law
• Governments make laws and the police enforce them.
• Digital Rights Management (DRM) is technology that enables online video and audio services to enforce that the content they provide is used in accordance with their requirements.
• XML document type definitions (DTD) can enforce basic structural rules on XML documents, XML schemas can enforce much more specific rules about the contents of elements and attributes than DTDs can.
TO COME INTO FORCE / BRING SOMETHING INTO FORCE = if a new law, rule, change etc comes or is brought into force, it starts to exist.
• Packs of 10 cigarettes will no longer be available for sale as part of EU rules that come into force from today.
TO VIOLATE /ˈvaɪəleɪt/ [transitive] = to disobey or do something against an official agreement, law, principle etc [= to break a law]
• WordPress’ code is open source, but it is published under the GNU Public License (GPL). Wix’s mobile app reused WordPress’ text editor but the Wix application is closed and proprietary. That violates both the spirit and the letter of the GNU Public License, which requires anything built with GPL-licensed code to be distributed with the same GPL license.
• SQL statements can violate an integrity constraint when they try to insert or update tuples.
TO INFRINGE /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ/ = [transitive] to do something that is against a law or someone’s legal rights [= to violate, to breach]
• I have received a threatening letter from the attorney of Mozilla Foundation saying that using the 'Mozilla' word inside the name of my software infringes their trademark rights.
TO RESPECT /rɪˈspɛkt/ (formal) = to not break a rule or law [= to obey]
• To respect this invariant, arrays length property have two special behaviours when setting elements and setting length property.
TO COMPLY WITH [intransitive] (formal) = to do what you have to do or are asked to do [= to obey]
• Please review our new EU user consent policy and ensure that you comply with this policy as soon as possible, and not later than 30th September 2015.
TO ADHERE TO [intransitive] (formal) = to conform to or follow rules exactly
• This article on xyz adheres to the naming conventions set forth at Wikipedia.
• A Maven POM in a project adheres to Maven’s assumed conventions.
• If an XML document adheres to a number of rules it is said well-formed.
Thursday, May 26, 2016
to struggle vs to strain vs to strive
TO STRUGGLE = [intransitive] to try extremely hard to achieve something, even though it is very difficult [= to strive]
• Excellent Work! You rocked this test and it was a breeze for you, most people struggled but not you.
• If you’re here to help others, be patient and welcoming. Offer support if you see someone struggling or otherwise in need of help. [Code of Conduct - Stack Overflow]
struggle to do something
• I'm really struggling to get out of bed
• Russia’s Navy is more rust than ready: Moscow struggles to keep its fleet afloat
struggle with
• Two people who I love very much are struggling with weight loss.
• Low blood levels of Omega-3 could explain why some children struggle with reading.
• Scope is one of the foundational aspects of the JavaScript language, and probably the one I’ve struggled with the most when building complex programs.
TO STRAIN (transitive and intransitive) = to try very hard to do something using all your strength or ability.
• Poor posture during the day may be related to musculoskeletal injury. To combat this, make sure your computer screen is positioned in a way that you're not straining or hunching to see it.
strain (something) to do something
• I was straining to lift my arm with biceps
• I was straining to induce a bowel movement, when I suddenly felt a sharp pain in the middle of my chest.
TO STRIVE STROVE STRIVEN (formal) = to make a great effort to achieve something
• This web site strives to evolve with technology and respond to reader preferences for news delivery.
• We strive to offer users a great experience and make Firefox available across many platforms, devices and operating systems [Vice President of Product, Firefox at Mozilla]
TO ENDEAVOUR [intransitive] (formal) /ɛnˈdɛv ər/ = to try very hard
endeavour to do something
• We always endeavor to please our customers.
• Despite the fact that HTML5 is not yet completed, you can safely take advantage of the new features of the language as long as you endeavour to ensure that users with older browsers will be able to view your pages.
• Excellent Work! You rocked this test and it was a breeze for you, most people struggled but not you.
• If you’re here to help others, be patient and welcoming. Offer support if you see someone struggling or otherwise in need of help. [Code of Conduct - Stack Overflow]
struggle to do something
• I'm really struggling to get out of bed
• Russia’s Navy is more rust than ready: Moscow struggles to keep its fleet afloat
struggle with
• Two people who I love very much are struggling with weight loss.
• Low blood levels of Omega-3 could explain why some children struggle with reading.
• Scope is one of the foundational aspects of the JavaScript language, and probably the one I’ve struggled with the most when building complex programs.
TO STRAIN (transitive and intransitive) = to try very hard to do something using all your strength or ability.
• Poor posture during the day may be related to musculoskeletal injury. To combat this, make sure your computer screen is positioned in a way that you're not straining or hunching to see it.
strain (something) to do something
• I was straining to lift my arm with biceps
• I was straining to induce a bowel movement, when I suddenly felt a sharp pain in the middle of my chest.
TO STRIVE STROVE STRIVEN (formal) = to make a great effort to achieve something
• This web site strives to evolve with technology and respond to reader preferences for news delivery.
• We strive to offer users a great experience and make Firefox available across many platforms, devices and operating systems [Vice President of Product, Firefox at Mozilla]
TO ENDEAVOUR [intransitive] (formal) /ɛnˈdɛv ər/ = to try very hard
endeavour to do something
• We always endeavor to please our customers.
• Despite the fact that HTML5 is not yet completed, you can safely take advantage of the new features of the language as long as you endeavour to ensure that users with older browsers will be able to view your pages.
Saturday, October 17, 2015
to come up against a situation
TO FACE = if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it:
• When it comes to designing for the web, you are faced with the unique challenge that different users will have different sized screens.
• Spain's coach Vicente del Bosque faces tricky task to select Spain squad.
• The civic body faces uphill task to improve school infrastructure.
TO CONFRONT = if a problem, difficulty etc confronts you, it appears and needs to be dealt with:
• Useful suggestions for trying to confront a lying romantic partner or spouse.
be confronted with something
• Some people, when confronted with a problem, think “I know, I’ll use regular expressions.” Now they have two problems.
• How to predict customer choices, when they are confronted with multiple options for where to dine.
• Research has shown that when customers are confronted with pleasant actions, the result is high levels of customer satisfaction
• When it comes to designing for the web, you are faced with the unique challenge that different users will have different sized screens.
• Spain's coach Vicente del Bosque faces tricky task to select Spain squad.
• The civic body faces uphill task to improve school infrastructure.
TO CONFRONT = if a problem, difficulty etc confronts you, it appears and needs to be dealt with:
• Useful suggestions for trying to confront a lying romantic partner or spouse.
be confronted with something
• Some people, when confronted with a problem, think “I know, I’ll use regular expressions.” Now they have two problems.
• How to predict customer choices, when they are confronted with multiple options for where to dine.
• Research has shown that when customers are confronted with pleasant actions, the result is high levels of customer satisfaction
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